Climate Tech Market Map — All you Need to Know About Climate Tech Startups
If you are a startup founder, investor, or a builder in the climate tech space, this is a 30 mins crash course on climate change technology, climate tech startups in India, and climate tech venture capital.
Is climate change real? Sadly, yep. Our knowledge on the climate change has concluded that human activities since mid 20th century has been the dominant cause of global warming. And it is disastrous!
Every disaster is an opportunity you must seize. But in the case of climate change, it seems that this disaster comes with little or no opportunity. All it comes with is a responsibility to act globally with the goal of reducing CO2 emissions and pause the increasing temperature of the earth or at least slow it down.
To put CO2 emissions in context:
Here is a chart of top 15 CO2 emitting countries in the last 270 years.
This chart shows top 15 CO2 emitting countries per capita (CO2 emission per person) for the year 2019.
The most developed countries emit the most amount of carbon per capital. Implying,
Prosperity and development are proportional to the CO2 you emit as a nation.
Now, the question is, can we get a hold on this? Let’s try to find solutions with the tools of invention: visionary startups, crazy founders, bold venture capital, and governments around the world (that operate on primal human instincts and the north star metric of staying in power).
Table of Content
- 1988, Climate Change Becomes Official
- What is Climate Tech? / The Birth of Climate Tech Startups
- How can technology save the climate? / Role of Startups in Tackling Climate Change
- What are the trends in climate tech startups?
- Climate Tech Startups in India
- Climate Tech SaaS
- Climate Tech Venture Capital
- What are the biggest threats to the climate?
- Can we stop climate change?
- Closing Thoughts: Role of climate tech startups and the responsibility of venture capital in climate tech
1. 1988, Climate Change Becomes Official
The concept of climate change has been understood by scientists and scholars for centuries, dating back to the work of ancient Greek philosophers such as Aristotle and Hippocrates. However, the modern understanding of climate change as a result of human activity and the burning of fossil fuels can be traced back to the early 20th century.
In the late 1800s and early 1900s, scientists began to understand the role of greenhouse gases in the Earth’s atmosphere and how they trap heat from the sun, warming the planet. In the 1950s and 1960s, scientists began to study the potential impacts of increasing levels of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere on the Earth’s climate.
It was not until the 1980s, however, that the concept of climate change as a result of human activity began to gain widespread recognition and attention. In 1988, the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) was established by the United Nations to assess the state of knowledge on climate change and its potential environmental and social impacts. Since then, the IPCC has released several major reports on climate change, highlighting the evidence for human-caused climate change and the need for urgent action to address it.
1.1 What changed in the climate since 1988?
Since the establishment of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) in 1988, the global climate has continued to change, with numerous trends and patterns emerging. Some of the most significant changes that have occurred include:
Global Warming:
The average global temperature has risen by about 1.6°F (0.9°C) since the late 1800s, with most of this warming occurring since the 1970s.
Increased Sea Levels:
The global sea level has risen by about 20 cm (8 inches) since the late 1800s, with most of this rise occurring since the 1970s.
Changes in Rain Patterns:
Many regions of the world have experienced changes in precipitation patterns, including increases in heavy rainfall events and drought.
Frequent Extreme Weather Events:
The frequency and intensity of extreme weather events such as heatwaves, hurricanes, and floods have increased in some regions.
Changes in Polar Ice:
The Arctic and Antarctic have experienced significant declines in ice cover.
Changes in Ecosystems:
Many plants and animals have responded to changing climatic conditions by shifting their ranges or altering their behaviours.
Overall, these changes in the climate have had a range of impacts on the environment and human society, including increased risk of natural disasters, disruption of agricultural production, and threats to biodiversity.
1.2. The Paris Agreement — Is Net Zero Carbon Emissions by 2050 Achievable?
To keep global warming to no more than 1.5°C — as called for in the Paris Agreement — emissions need to be reduced by 45% by 2030 and reach net zero by 2050.
Under the agreement, countries around the world pledge to take action to limit global warming to well below 2 degrees Celsius above preindustrial levels, and to pursue efforts to limit the temperature increase to 1.5 degrees Celsius.
It is technically possible to achieve the goals of the Paris Agreement, but it will require a significant coordinated effort from countries around the world.
To achieve the goals of the Paris Agreement, countries will need to significantly reduce their greenhouse gas emissions over the coming decades and reach net-zero emissions by year 2050.
But the current actions by countries around the world are insufficient to achieve the goals of the Paris Agreement. In order to meet these goals, it will be necessary for countries to accelerate the speed of execution to reduce emissions.
2. What is Climate Tech? / The Birth of Climate Tech Startup
Climate tech is a sectors of the tech industry that focuses on developing solutions to mitigate and adapt to climate change.
Climate tech includes a wide range of technologies and approaches that aim to reduce greenhouse gas emissions, increase energy efficiency, and promote the use of clean and renewable energy sources. These solutions often involve the use of advanced data analytics, AI, and technologies to optimize and automate processes, reduce waste, and improve resource management.
Climate change technology can be applied in various sectors, such as transportation, agriculture, manufacturing, building and construction, and energy production and distribution. The goal of climate change technology is to create a more sustainable and low-carbon future, while also addressing the economic and social challenges posed by climate change.
Climate tech startups have the opportunity to solve problems that are crucial for the survival of humanity. At the same time, they stand a chance to own, operate, and earn from the fundamental infra of the future.
3. How can technology save the climate? / Role of Startups in Tackling Climate Change / Climate Change Technology
Technology can play a key role in addressing the challenges of climate change and promoting sustainability in a number of ways:
Clean and renewable energy:
Technology can help increase the use of clean and renewable energy sources, such as solar, wind, and hydro power, which can help reduce greenhouse gas emissions.
Energy efficiency:
Technology can be used to improve the efficiency of energy use in various sectors, such as buildings, transportation, and manufacturing. This can involve the development of new technologies or products that use less energy, as well as the implementation of advanced data analytics and artificial intelligence to optimize and automate processes and reduce waste.
Carbon capture and storage:
Advanced technologies can be used to capture carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions from power plants and other industrial sources and store them underground, rather than releasing them into the atmosphere. This can help reduce greenhouse gas emissions and mitigate the impacts of climate change.
Agriculture and food production:
Technology can also be used to improve the sustainability of agriculture and food production, which is a major source of greenhouse gas emissions. This can involve the development of innovative solutions for reducing the use of water, fertilizers, and pesticides, as well as the promotion of regenerative agriculture practices that can sequester carbon in the soil.
Transportation:
Technology can be used to reduce greenhouse gas emissions from the transportation sector, which is a major contributor to climate change. This can involve the development of electric vehicles and alternative fuels, as well as advanced technologies for improving the efficiency of transportation systems.
Categorisation of Climate Change Technology
- Mitigation Tech
- Substitution Tech
- Reduction
- Adaptation Tech
- Risk Transfer
3.1. Mitigation Tech
The net-zero pathway can be realised either by replacing emission-intensive technologies in each of the contributing sectors with clean ones, making the existing infra efficient and/or clean, or by storing carbon using forestry, land use, and agriculture as carbon sinks.
3.2. Substitution Tech — Replacing with less emission-intensive technologies
Most of the renewable tech, EV-tech, and alternative meat markets, are in this category. These companies have seen huge investments in the last decade, for example; Sunrun, SolarCity, Impossible foods, Tesla. This space continues to see new investments but we are not 100% sure on how beneficial these companies are to have an impact on the climate change.
3.3. Reduction Tech — Making existing tech more efficient
This report by Nicholas Stern and Montek Ahluwalia concluded that 75% of the emissions reduction in India (the third largest emitter of green house gases) is possible from efficient city planning, efficient buildings, and efficient industrial technologies alone.
India is also a large scale adopter of Metro transportation in cities. And it has a huge railway infrastructure. But city planning keeping climate in mind is unexplored on commercial levels by startups.
3.4. Sequestration Tech — Generating carbon sinks
Very few companies have operated well in this space in last few years. Some examples are Carbon Clean, Nori, IndigoAg, Pachama, etc.
Theoretically, soil-based carbon sequestration could enable the transition to a net-zero emissions world, but, we lack global acceptable standards of quantifying sequestration.
3.5. Adaptation tech
Climate-related disasters cost the world close to $650 Billion in 2019.
Weather variability causes annual losses in farming.
The adaptation pathway for any industry will consist of three steps:
- Changing infrastructure/design to reduce long term risk,
- Respond better to the changing weather variability and
- Transfer the rest of the risk to the new class of climate insurance and financing products.
Adaptation is about changing infrastructure and design to reduce long term risk. The adaptation pathway for any industry will consist:
- Buy an insurance that covers climate risk for your business (very few industries have these at the moment). We have seen some signs of it when Nephilla Capital launched drought insurance for Africa.
These products underwrite risk from a long-term horizon- time frames in which climate risk could be measured reasonably rather than historical looking underwriting. It’s a nascent industry as the lending and insurance industry still relies on historical information to underwrite next year’s policies. - Respond better to seasonal extreme risk
Most of the progress done in this space is in the weather time frames only. As of now, businesses can get predictions about the weather. It remains unclear thought on how to repond to extreme season changes.
4. What are the trends in climate tech startups?
There are several trends in climate tech startups that are currently gaining traction:
- Renewable energy: Many climate tech startups are focused on developing and deploying clean and renewable energy technologies, such as solar panels, wind turbines, and energy storage systems. This includes companies that manufacture and sell these technologies, as well as those that provide services related to the installation, maintenance, and financing of renewable energy projects.
- Energy efficiency: Other climate tech startups are focused on improving the efficiency of energy use in various sectors, such as buildings, transportation, and manufacturing. This can involve developing new technologies or products that use less energy, or providing services to help businesses and individuals reduce their energy consumption.
- Carbon capture and storage: Some climate tech startups are working on developing technologies that can capture carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions from power plants and other industrial sources and store them underground, rather than releasing them into the atmosphere. This can help reduce greenhouse gas emissions and mitigate the effects of climate change.
- Agriculture and food production: There are also a number of climate tech startups that are focused on improving the sustainability of agriculture and food production, which is a major source of greenhouse gas emissions. This includes companies that develop innovative solutions for reducing the use of water, fertilizer, and pesticides, as well as those that promote regenerative agriculture practices that can sequester carbon in the soil.
- Transportation: The transportation sector is a major contributor to greenhouse gas emissions, and there are a number of climate tech startups working on solutions to reduce these emissions. This includes companies that develop electric vehicles, as well as those that provide services related to electric vehicle charging and infrastructure. There are also startups working on alternative fuels and advanced technologies for improving the efficiency of transportation systems.
Alternative Energy:
There are 33 (8 new this year) Private technology companies today that has raised $2.83B in 2022 compared to $2.03B in 2021 to pursue the various technologies that try and build production ready version of nuclear fusion.
Some of these companies are building Tokamak. Startups will require billions in funding to explore similar alternative energy solutions. These companies will also create needs for other companies to form up, that produce products for distribution, manufacture machinery and tools, and builds softwares for it.
What are Tokamaks? — Read Further
4.1. Most successful startups in climate tech
It is difficult to identify the most successful startups in the climate tech sector, as success can be measured in a variety of ways, including financial performance, impact, and innovation. That being said, some examples of climate tech startups that have achieved significant success include:
- Tesla: This company is a leader in the development and deployment of electric vehicles and energy storage systems, and has achieved significant financial success as a result. Tesla has also had a significant impact on the transition to a low-carbon transportation sector. But on the other hand, the negative impact of lithium ion batteries, mining, and dumping of these battaries is an environmental risk. This has been one of the most successful startups financially in this space. But we can’t say the same about it when it comes to impact.
- SolarCity: This company, which was acquired by Tesla in 2016, is a leading provider of solar power systems and energy storage solutions. SolarCity has helped to drive the growth of the solar power market and has had a significant impact on the transition to a low-carbon energy system.
- DNV GL: This company is a global leader in providing services and solutions for the energy, maritime, and other industries, with a focus on sustainability and climate change. DNV GL has achieved significant financial success and has had a significant impact on the transition to a more sustainable and low-carbon future.
- Carbon Clean Solutions: This company is a leader in the development and deployment of carbon capture and storage technologies, which can help reduce greenhouse gas emissions from power plants and other industrial sources. Carbon Clean Solutions has had a significant impact on the transition to a low-carbon economy.
- BrightFarms: This company is a leader in the development of hydroponic greenhouse systems, which are used to grow fresh produce locally, using less water and energy than traditional farming methods. BrightFarms has achieved significant financial success and has had a significant impact on the sustainability of the agriculture sector.
These are just a few examples of successful climate tech startups, and there are many others that are making significant contributions to the transition to a low-carbon, climate-resilient future.
5. Climate Tech Startups in India
There are a 100+ climate tech startups in India. Some examples are:
- AgNext: This startup uses artificial intelligence and machine learning to develop precision agriculture solutions, such as advanced crop sensors and precision irrigation systems, to help farmers increase productivity and reduce the use of water, fertilizers, and pesticides.
- Amplus Energy Solutions: This company provides clean energy solutions, including solar power and energy storage systems, to commercial and industrial customers in India.
- Ecolibrium Energy: This startup provides smart energy management systems that help businesses and communities optimize their energy use and reduce their carbon footprint.
- Greenway Grameen Infra: This startup provides clean cooking solutions, including biomass cookstoves, to rural households in India to help reduce indoor air pollution and reduce the use of firewood and other traditional fuels.
- Solarify: This company provides solar power solutions to residential, commercial, and industrial customers in India, including the design, installation, and maintenance of solar panel systems.
6. Climate Tech SaaS
Climate tech SaaS (Software as a Service) refers to software solutions that are designed to address the challenges of climate change and promote sustainability. These solutions are typically provided on a subscription basis and are accessed via the internet, rather than being installed locally on a user’s computer.
Climate tech SaaS solutions can take a variety of forms, including:
- Energy management and efficiency software: These solutions help businesses and organizations optimize their energy use and reduce greenhouse gas emissions by analyzing energy usage data and identifying opportunities for improvement.
- Renewable energy software: These solutions help businesses and organizations assess the feasibility and potential returns of investing in renewable energy technologies, such as solar panels and wind turbines.
- Carbon accounting software: These solutions help businesses and organizations track and report on their greenhouse gas emissions, which can be used to meet regulatory requirements or to set and achieve emissions reduction targets.
- Supply chain management software: These solutions help businesses and organizations track and optimize the environmental impacts of their supply chain, including the carbon emissions associated with transportation and other activities.
By using climate tech SaaS solutions, businesses and organizations can reduce their greenhouse gas emissions and improve their sustainability, while also gaining operational efficiencies and cost savings.
Note / Government Regulation:
We have seen that in France as an example for the financial services sector- where Climate risk reporting is mandatory at the regulatory level for all the funds. This along with an anticipation of more regulators adopting such policies has allowed companies such as 427mt.com, Carbon Delta, Sustainalytics, and Trucost to get traction and eventually get acquired.
7. Climate Tech Venture Capital
There are a number of venture capital firms that are focused on investing in climate tech startups, including:
Breakthrough Energy Ventures:
This firm was founded by Bill Gates and a group of high-profile investors with the goal of investing in innovative technologies that can help reduce greenhouse gas emissions and mitigate the impacts of climate change.
Congruent Ventures:
This firm invests in early-stage companies that are developing technologies and solutions to address the global challenges of climate change, energy security, and resource scarcity.
Energy Impact Partners:
This firm is focused on investing in technologies and business models that can drive the transition to a more sustainable and decentralized energy system.
Generate Capital:
This firm invests in a wide range of clean energy, resource efficiency, and sustainable infrastructure projects, including renewable energy generation, energy storage, and water treatment.
Neoteric Ventures:
This firm focuses on investing in companies that are developing innovative technologies and business models in the areas of clean energy, transportation, and agriculture.
RockPort Capital:
This firm invests in early-stage companies that are developing technologies and solutions for the clean energy, resource efficiency, and sustainability sectors.
TPG Capital:
This global investment firm has a dedicated climate change and sustainability practice that focuses on investing in companies and projects that can drive the transition to a low-carbon economy.
Climate tech is a hot topic for tech investors for a number of reasons
Market demand:
There is increasing demand from consumers, businesses, and governments for solutions to address the challenges of climate change and promote sustainability. This is driving the growth of the climate tech market and creating opportunities for investors.
Government incentives:
Many governments around the world are providing incentives, such as tax credits and grants, to encourage the development and deployment of clean and renewable energy technologies and other climate-friendly solutions. This is making it more attractive for investors to invest in climate tech companies.
Technological innovations:
There have been significant technological innovations in the climate tech sector in recent years, including the development of advanced data analytics and artificial intelligence, which are being used to optimize and automate processes and reduce waste. This is making climate tech solutions more attractive to investors.
Social and environmental impact:
Many investors are also attracted to climate tech companies because of their potential to have a positive social and environmental impact. By investing in climate tech, investors can not only make a financial return, but also contribute to a more sustainable and low-carbon future.
Overall, the combination of market demand, government incentives, technological innovations, and social and environmental impact is making climate tech a compelling investment opportunity for tech investors.
Food for Thought
What’s the climate impact of a private jet? Aviation produces just under one billion tonnes of carbon dioxide emissions annually, accounting for 2.5% of global CO2 pollution. But while aviation remains a great contributor to the climate crisis, a small number of people are responsible for a large bulk of the impact.
An average flight contributes 14 tons of CO2 emissions in 2.5 hours. That a car would take 3–4 years to product. The data from October 2021 suggests there were ~3.3 million business jet flights in a year, almost 12K flights per day.
8. What are the biggest threats to the climate?
There are several key threats to the climate that are causing global warming and contributing to the impacts of climate change, including:
Greenhouse gas emissions:
The main cause of global warming is the increase in greenhouse gases in the atmosphere, particularly carbon dioxide (CO2). These gases trap heat from the sun, which leads to an increase in the Earth’s average surface temperature. The main sources of greenhouse gas emissions are the burning of fossil fuels for energy, transportation, and industrial processes, as well as deforestation and land use changes.
Land use changes:
Land use changes, such as deforestation, land degradation, and urbanization, can also contribute to climate change by altering the way the land absorbs and reflects energy from the sun. Deforestation, for example, can reduce the amount of carbon that is stored in trees and other vegetation, while urbanisation can increase the amount of heat-absorbing surfaces, such as buildings and roads.
Ozone depletion:
The ozone layer is a layer of gas in the Earth’s atmosphere that protects the planet from the sun’s harmful ultraviolet (UV) rays. The depletion of the ozone layer can lead to increased levels of UV radiation reaching the Earth’s surface, which can have harmful effects on human health and the environment. The main cause of ozone depletion is the release of man-made chemicals, such as chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs), which are used in refrigerants, solvents, and other products.
Water cycle changes:
Changes in the water cycle, such as more frequent and severe droughts and floods, can also have significant impacts on the climate. These changes can be caused by global warming, as well as by other factors, such as land use changes and overuse of water resources.
Loss of biodiversity:
Climate change can also threaten the survival of many species of plants and animals, as well as the ecosystems they depend on. This can lead to a loss of biodiversity, which can have negative impacts on the overall health and resilience of the planet.
9. Can we stop climate change?
It is not possible to completely stop climate change at this point, as the Earth’s climate is a complex and dynamic system that is influenced by a wide range of factors. However, it is possible to mitigate the impacts of climate change and reduce the rate of global warming by taking action to reduce greenhouse gas emissions and increase the use of clean and renewable energy. This can involve a variety of measures, such as:
Transitioning to clean energy:
One of the main ways to reduce greenhouse gas emissions is to transition away from fossil fuels and towards clean and renewable energy sources, such as solar, wind, and hydro power.
Improving energy efficiency:
Another way to reduce emissions is to improve the efficiency of energy use in various sectors, such as transportation, buildings, and manufacturing. This can involve developing and implementing new technologies and practices that use less energy, as well as reducing waste and increasing resource efficiency.
Reducing deforestation and promoting reforestation:
Deforestation and land use changes are major sources of greenhouse gas emissions, so reducing these activities and promoting reforestation can help mitigate the impacts of climate change.
Promoting sustainable agriculture:
The agriculture sector is a major contributor to greenhouse gas emissions, so promoting sustainable agriculture practices, such as reducing the use of fertilizers and pesticides, can help reduce these emissions.
Implementing carbon pricing:
Carbon pricing is a mechanism that puts a price on carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions, which can help incentivize businesses and individuals to reduce their greenhouse gas emissions and invest in clean energy solutions.
By taking these and other actions, it is possible to slow the rate of climate change and reduce its impacts, but it will require a concerted effort and the commitment of governments, businesses, and individuals around the world.
9.1. What will happen to the earth if climate change isn’t controlled?
If climate change is not controlled, it is likely to have severe and far-reaching impacts on the Earth and its inhabitants. Some of the potential consequences of unchecked climate change include:
Increased global temperatures:
If greenhouse gas emissions are not reduced, global temperatures are likely to continue to rise, leading to more frequent and severe heatwaves, droughts, and other extreme weather events. This could have significant impacts on agriculture, water resources, and human health.
Rising sea levels:
As the Earth’s temperature increases, the polar ice caps are melting, which is causing sea levels to rise. If this trend continues, it could lead to flooding, coastal erosion, and the displacement of millions of people who live in coastal areas.
Loss of biodiversity:
Climate change can also threaten the survival of many species of plants and animals, as well as the ecosystems they depend on. This could lead to a loss of biodiversity, which can have negative impacts on the overall health and resilience of the planet.
Changes in the water cycle:
Climate change can also lead to changes in the water cycle, such as more frequent and severe droughts and floods, which can have significant impacts on agriculture, water resources, and human health.
Negative impacts on human health:
Climate change can also have negative impacts on human health, including increased risks of heat stroke, respiratory problems, and infectious diseases. It can also lead to food and water shortages, which can exacerbate existing health problems and create new ones.
Overall, if climate change is not controlled, it is likely to have significant and potentially catastrophic impacts on the Earth and its inhabitants.
9.2. Which country will be least affected by the climate change?
It is difficult to identify any specific country that will be “least affected” by climate change, as the impacts of climate change are global and will be felt in different ways in different parts of the world. That being said, some countries may be more vulnerable to the impacts of climate change due to a variety of factors, including their geography, infrastructure, and economic and social conditions.
For example, countries that are located in areas that are prone to natural disasters, such as hurricanes, earthquakes, and floods, may be more vulnerable to the impacts of climate change. Similarly, countries with poorly developed infrastructure and limited resources may be less able to adapt to and mitigate the impacts of climate change.
On the other hand, countries that are well-developed and have strong economies and advanced infrastructure may be better able to adapt to and mitigate the impacts of climate change. However, even these countries are not immune to the impacts of climate change, and will still be affected in various ways.
9.3. How many people suffer from climate change?
It is difficult to quantify the exact number of people who suffer from climate change, as the impacts of climate change are complex and multifaceted, and can vary widely from one region to another. That being said, it is clear that climate change is having significant impacts on people around the world, and that these impacts are likely to become more severe in the future if greenhouse gas emissions are not significantly reduced.
Some of the ways in which people are already suffering from climate change include:
Increased heatwaves and extreme weather events:
Climate change is leading to more frequent and severe heatwaves, droughts, floods, and other extreme weather events, which can have a range of negative impacts on human health, agriculture, and the environment.
Displacement and migration:
Climate change can also lead to the displacement of people from their homes, either due to the direct impacts of extreme weather events, or due to the indirect impacts of factors such as drought, sea level rise, or loss of livelihoods.
Negative impacts on health:
Climate change can also have negative impacts on human health, including increased risks of heat stroke, respiratory problems, and infectious diseases. It can also lead to food and water shortages, which can exacerbate existing health problems and create new ones.
Loss of livelihoods:
Climate change can also disrupt traditional livelihoods, such as farming, fishing, and forestry, which can lead to poverty and hardship for people who rely on these activities for their livelihoods.
Overall, it is clear that climate change is already having significant impacts on people around the world, and that these impacts are likely to become more severe in the future if greenhouse gas emissions are not significantly reduced.
10. Closing Thoughts: Role of climate tech startups and the responsibility of venture capital in climate tech
What we learn form history is that we do not. History is the best teacher, but we refuse to learn from it.
All breakthrough technology starts out seeming impossibly large, slow, and expensive. That is also true for climate change technology. But it seems we are already too late and the future unfolds at its pace while we pray for the best.
Climate change technology, specially energy production is still majorly in the realm of government sponsored research and is not in area that for-profit companies can tackle.
But what we, the problems solves and thinkers of the modern world can do is take big ambitious bets. And find venture capital that can enable those moonshots. If you had a portfolio for humanity, 5% of that should be for moon shots.
Further Read:
- https://www.scmp.com/news/china/society/article/2173457/toxic-business-recycling-chinas-electric-car-batteries
- Practical investable areas for climate change tech: https://www.ycombinator.com/blog/rfs-climatetech
- https://medium.com/@himanshu_99557/the-rise-and-rise-of-climate-tech-1c8e95da7c7b
- https://pitchbook.com/news/articles/market-map-climate-carbon-tech
- https://medium.com/lightspeedindia/lightspeed-india-sea-carbon-tech-map-810cc9a7f2b
- Great Infographics in this article: https://www.linkedin.com/pulse/landscape-climate-tech-market-map-130-startups-ive-met-diane-cozian/?trk=public_post-content_share-article
- 350+ Climate Tech Startups (running list): https://startupbasecamp.org/climate-tech-startups-running-list/
- https://techcrunch.com/2022/08/04/the-road-map-for-building-the-uber-of-climate-tech/
